Hate crimes laws passed in Washington have been remarkably ineffective in protecting LGBTQ people for decades
Assistant Professor of History Christopher Ewing discusses the ineffective history of hate crime laws in the United States with The Conversation.
"Between 2013, the year the FBI first began monitoring hate crimes motivated by gender identity, and 2022, the bureau recorded 1,969 hate crimes against trans and gender-nonconforming people, including a rise in 2022... My research has found that hate crime legislation is strikingly ineffective at preventing violence through producing convictions, as is clear from the fact that it took 15 years to produce a conviction based on gender identity under federal law."
Read Professor Ewing's full article at The Conversation.